| Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) | |
| Klasifikasi dan bahan-bahan eksternal | |
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Virusnya sendiri bernama Human Immunodeficiency Virus (atau disingkat HIV) yaitu virus yang memperlemah kekebalan pada tubuh manusia. Orang yang terkena virus ini akan menjadi rentan terhadap infeksi oportunistik ataupun mudah terkena tumor. Meskipun penanganan yang telah ada dapat memperlambat laju perkembangan virus, namun penyakit ini belum benar-benar bisa disembuhkan.
HIV dan virus-virus sejenisnya umumnya ditularkan melalui kontak langsung antara lapisan kulit dalam (membran mukosa) atau aliran darah, dengan cairan tubuh yang mengandung HIV, seperti darah, air mani, cairan vagina, cairan preseminal, dan air susu ibu.[2][3] Penularan dapat terjadi melalui hubungan intim (vaginal, anal, ataupun oral), transfusi darah, jarum suntik yang terkontaminasi, antara ibu dan bayi selama kehamilan, bersalin, atau menyusui, serta bentuk kontak lainnya dengan cairan-cairan tubuh tersebut.
Para ilmuwan umumnya berpendapat bahwa AIDS berasal dari Afrika Sub-Sahara.[4] Kini AIDS telah menjadi wabah penyakit. AIDS diperkiraan telah menginfeksi 38,6 juta orang di seluruh dunia.[5] Pada Januari 2006, UNAIDS bekerja sama dengan WHO memperkirakan bahwa AIDS telah menyebabkan kematian lebih dari 25 juta orang sejak pertama kali diakui pada tanggal 5 Juni 1981. Dengan demikian, penyakit ini merupakan salah satu wabah paling mematikan dalam sejarah. AIDS diklaim telah menyebabkan kematian sebanyak 2,4 hingga 3,3 juta jiwa pada tahun 2005 saja, dan lebih dari 570.000 jiwa di antaranya adalah anak-anak.[5] Sepertiga dari jumlah kematian ini terjadi di Afrika Sub-Sahara, sehingga memperlambat pertumbuhan ekonomi dan menghancurkan kekuatan sumber daya manusia di sana. Perawatan antiretrovirus sesungguhnya dapat mengurangi tingkat kematian dan parahnya infeksi HIV, namun akses terhadap pengobatan tersebut tidak tersedia di semua negara.[6]
Hukuman sosial bagi penderita HIV/AIDS, umumnya lebih berat bila dibandingkan dengan penderita penyakit mematikan lainnya. Kadang-kadang hukuman sosial tersebut juga turut tertimpakan kepada petugas kesehatan atau sukarelawan, yang terlibat dalam merawat orang yang hidup dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA).
English Translatetor of AIDS
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome or Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS abbreviated) is a collection of symptoms and infections (or: syndrome) is caused by damage to the human immune system caused by HIV infection, [1] or infection with other viruses that attack similar to other species (SIV, FIV, etc.).
Self virus called Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV for short) is the virus that weakens the immunity of the human body. People who are exposed to the virus will become vulnerable to opportunistic infections or tumors susceptible. Although there has been handling can slow the spread of the virus, but the disease is not completely curable.
HIV and the virus-like viruses are generally transmitted by direct contact between the skin layers (mucous membrane) or the bloodstream with a bodily fluid containing HIV, such as blood, semen, vaginal fluid, preseminal fluid, and breast milk. [2] [3] Transmission can occur through sexual intercourse (vaginal, anal, or oral), blood transfusion, contaminated hypodermic needles, between mother and baby during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding, or other forms of contact with the body fluids.
Scientists have generally found that HIV originated in sub-Saharan Africa. [4] Today AIDS has become a disease. AIDS estimated 38.6 million people worldwide. [5] In January 2006, UNAIDS in collaboration with the WHO estimate that AIDS has killed more than 25 million people since it was first recognized on June 5, 1981. Thus, this disease is one of the deadliest plague in history. AIDS claimed to have caused the death of as many as 2.4 to 3.3 million in 2005 alone, and more than 570,000 of them are children. [5] A third of these deaths occur in Sub-Saharan Africa, retarding growth economy and destroy the power of the human resources there. Antiretroviral treatment can actually reduce the death rate and severity of HIV infection, but access to treatment is not available in all countries. [6]
Social penalty for people with HIV / AIDS, are generally more severe when compared with other deadly disease. Sometimes the social punishment were also tertimpakan to health workers or volunteers, who are involved in caring for people living with HIV / AIDS (PLWHA).
Self virus called Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV for short) is the virus that weakens the immunity of the human body. People who are exposed to the virus will become vulnerable to opportunistic infections or tumors susceptible. Although there has been handling can slow the spread of the virus, but the disease is not completely curable.
HIV and the virus-like viruses are generally transmitted by direct contact between the skin layers (mucous membrane) or the bloodstream with a bodily fluid containing HIV, such as blood, semen, vaginal fluid, preseminal fluid, and breast milk. [2] [3] Transmission can occur through sexual intercourse (vaginal, anal, or oral), blood transfusion, contaminated hypodermic needles, between mother and baby during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding, or other forms of contact with the body fluids.
Scientists have generally found that HIV originated in sub-Saharan Africa. [4] Today AIDS has become a disease. AIDS estimated 38.6 million people worldwide. [5] In January 2006, UNAIDS in collaboration with the WHO estimate that AIDS has killed more than 25 million people since it was first recognized on June 5, 1981. Thus, this disease is one of the deadliest plague in history. AIDS claimed to have caused the death of as many as 2.4 to 3.3 million in 2005 alone, and more than 570,000 of them are children. [5] A third of these deaths occur in Sub-Saharan Africa, retarding growth economy and destroy the power of the human resources there. Antiretroviral treatment can actually reduce the death rate and severity of HIV infection, but access to treatment is not available in all countries. [6]
Social penalty for people with HIV / AIDS, are generally more severe when compared with other deadly disease. Sometimes the social punishment were also tertimpakan to health workers or volunteers, who are involved in caring for people living with HIV / AIDS (PLWHA).
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